Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Exam

Which symptom is NOT a part of the DSM-5 criteria for Depression?

1. Sleep problems

2. Increased energy

3. Concentration problems

4. Guilt

The correct answer is: Increased energy

The symptom of increased energy is not part of the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing depression. In fact, individuals with depression often experience low energy levels and fatigue. The DSM-5 outlines a variety of symptoms typical of depressive episodes, which include mood disturbances, changes in sleep patterns, and issues with concentration and thought processes. Sleep problems are included in the DSM-5 criteria, as changes in sleep—either insomnia or hypersomnia—are common manifestations of depression. Similarly, concentration difficulties and feelings of guilt are recognized symptoms within the criteria, emphasizing cognitive and affective disturbances that characterize depressive disorders. In contrast, increased energy would be more representative of a manic or hypomanic state often linked to bipolar disorder, rather than a symptom of depression itself.